Which period is defined by the transition to sedentary agriculture?

• A. Neolithic Revolution
• B. Paleolithic
• C. Mesolithic
• D. Bronze Age

Answer: (A)

The transition to sedentary agriculture marks the shift from roaming hunter-gatherer groups to permanent farming communities. This change is the hallmark of the Neolithic era, often called the Neolithic Revolution, when people began cultivating crops, domesticating animals, and forming villages, which supports larger and more settled populations.

Paleolithic life centers on hunting, gathering, and mobile lived patterns, long before farming. Mesolithic is the transitional period between the Paleolithic and Neolithic, with growing reliance on tools and some local developments but not full-scale agriculture. Bronze Age follows the Neolithic and is defined more by metalworking and technological advances than by the adoption of farming itself.

So, the period defined by the transition to sedentary agriculture is the Neolithic.